Поляктар: Нұсқалар арасындағы айырмашылық
Content deleted Content added
Жаңа бетте: thumb|Польша басқа да славян мемлекеттерімен шекаралас'''Поляктар'''<ref name="source1">Қазақс... |
шӨңдеу түйіні жоқ |
||
1-жол:
{{Infobox Ethnic group
|group=Polish people<br /> ''(Polacy)''
|image=[[File:Blank300.png|344px]]<br />[[File:Eugène Ferdinand Victor Delacroix 043.jpg|66px]][[File:Mikolaj Kopernik.jpg|74px]][[File:Mariecurie.jpg|68px]][[File:Prus 002.jpg|66px]][[File:SiemiginowskiJerzy.1693.PortretJanaIIISobieskiego.jpg|65px]]<br />[[File:MR 1932 small.jpg|71px]][[File:Thaddeus Kosciuszko.jpg|72px]][[File:Joseph Conrad.PNG|66px]][[File:Jozef Pilsudski1.jpg|66px]][[File:Jan Matejko-Auto portrait.jpg|65px]]<br />[[File:Lech Walesa - 2009.jpg|66px]][[File:Czeslaw Milosz, 1986.jpg|96px]][[File:Szymborska(closeup).jpg|63px]][[File:Domeyko.jpg|62px]][[File:Didurportrait1.jpg|53px]]<br />[[File:John Paul II Medal of Freedom 2004.jpg|61px]][[File:Adam Mickiewicz według dagerotypu paryskiego z 1842 roku.jpg|65px]][[File:Henryk Sienkiewicz 02.jpg|68px]][[File:Ignacy Jan Paderewski.PNG|73px]][[File:Kazimierz Pułaski.PNG|72px]]<br /><small> [[Frédéric Chopin|Chopin]] • [[Copernicus]] • [[Marie Curie|Skłodowska-Curie]] • [[Bolesław Prus|Prus]] • [[John III Sobieski]]<br>[[Marian Rejewski|Rejewski]] • [[Tadeusz Kościuszko|Kościuszko]] • [[Joseph Conrad|Conrad]] • [[Józef Piłsudski|Piłsudski]] • [[Jan Matejko|Matejko]]<br>[[Lech Wałęsa|Wałęsa]] • [[Czesław Miłosz|Miłosz]] • [[Wisława Szymborska|Szymborska]] • [[Ignacy Domeyko|Domeyko]] • [[Adamo Didur|Didur]]<br>[[Pope John Paul II]] • [[Adam Mickiewicz|Mickiewicz]] • [[Henryk Sienkiewicz|Sienkiewicz]] • [[Ignacy Jan Paderewski|Paderewski]] • [[Casimir Pulaski|Pulaski]]</small>
|population ='''ca. 60 million''' (est.)<ref name="Swiat_Polonii">[http://www.wspolnota-polska.org.pl/index.php?id=pwko Świat Polonii, witryna Stowarzyszenia Wspólnota Polska: „Polacy za granicą”] (''Polish people abroad'' as per summary by Świat Polonii, internet portal of the Polish Association ''Wspólnota Polska'')</ref> <br />
|popplace = {{Flag|Poland}} 36,983,720 <ref>[http://www.stat.gov.pl/english/opracowania_zbiorcze/b-s/2006/06_06/tabele/tabela14.xls Excel spreadsheet from Polish Central Statistical Office]</ref><ref>http://www.stat.gov.pl/gus/45_4520_PLK_HTML.htm</ref>
|region1 = {{s|2}}{{USA}}
|pop1 = 8,977,235
|ref1 = <ref>[http://www.census.gov/prod/2004pubs/c2kbr-35.pdf USA National Census 2000. Ancestries With 100,000 or More People in 2000.]</ref>
|region2 = {{s|2}}{{DEU}}
|pop2 = 1,500,000 - 2,000,000
|ref2 = <ref name="Swiat_Polonii" /><ref>{{de icon}} Erstmals mehr als 16 Millionen Menschen mit Migrationshintergrund in Deutschland [http://www.destatis.de/jetspeed/portal/cms/Sites/destatis/Internet/DE/Presse/pm/2010/07/PD10__248__122,templateId=renderPrint.psml Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland] (German text about migrants in Germany)</ref><ref>{{pl icon}} [http://www.msz.gov.pl/files/docs/polonia/Raport_PPG.pdf ''Raport o sytuacji Polonii i Polaków za granicą 2009.''] Ministerstwo Spraw Zagranicznych 2009. p. 177, ISBN 978-83-89607-81-2</ref>
|region3 = {{s|2}}{{BRA}}
|pop3 = 1,500,000
|ref3 = <ref>[http://www.wspolnota-polska.org.pl/index.php?id=pwko Stowarzyszenie Wspólnota Polska, Strona finansowana przez SENAT RP] [http://www.wspolnota-polska.org.pl/index.php?id=pwko89] [http://www.wspolnota-polsaka.org.pl/index.php?id=pwko114]</ref>
|region4 = {{s|2}}{{ISR}}
|pop4 = 1,250,000
|ref4 = <ref name="ynet">[http://www.ynet.co.il/articles/0,7340,L-3376540,00.html Article on Ynet news site, Hebrew] [http://translate.google.ca/translate?hl=en&sl=iw&u=http://www.ynet.co.il/Ext/Comp/ArticleLayout/CdaArticlePrintPreview/1,2506,L-3376540,00.html&ei=0dNPSvyYJpmxtgeGqcGlBA&sa=X&oi=translate&resnum=1&ct=result&prev=/search%3Fq%3D%25D7%2591%25D7%2599%25D7%25A9%25D7%25A8%25D7%2590%25D7%259C%2B1.25%2B%25D7%259E%25D7%2599%25D7%259C%25D7%2599%25D7%2595%25D7%259F%2B%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%25A9%2B%25D7%2594%25D7%2596%25D7%259B%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%259D%2B%25D7%259C%25D7%2590%25D7%2596%25D7%25A8%25D7%2597%25D7%2595%25D7%25AA%2B%25D7%25A4%25D7%2595%25D7%259C%25D7%25A0%25D7%2599%25D7%25AA,%2B%25D7%259E%25D7%2590%25D7%2596%2B%25D7%2594%25D7%25A6%25D7%2598%25D7%25A8%25D7%25A4%25D7%2594%2B%25D7%25A4%25D7%2595%25D7%259C%25D7%2599%25D7%259F%2B%25D7%259C%25D7%2590%25D7%2599%25D7%2597%25D7%2595%25D7%2593%26hl%3Den%26safe%3Doff%26sa%3DG%26num%3D100 (Google translator).]</ref>
|region5 = {{s|2}}{{CAN}}
|pop5 = 984,565
|ref5 = <ref>http://www40.statcan.gc.ca/l01/cst01/demo26a-eng.htm</ref>
|region6 = {{s|2}}{{UK}}
|pop6 = 500,000 - 560,000
|ref6 = <ref name="Swiat_Polonii" /><ref>{{en icon}}British Office for National Statistics, [http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_population/Population-by-country-of-birth-and-nationality-Jan09-Dec09.zip Population by Country of Birth & Nationality, Jan 2009 to Dec 2009]<br />'''^''' {{en icon}} [http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/news.html?in_article_id=384121&in_page_id=1770 "UK lets in more Poles than there are in Warsaw", Steve Doughty, Daily Mail;] [http://explore.dailymail.co.uk/organisations/office_for_national_statistics see also: "Record numbers leave Britain as Poles head home - but new arrivals increase to half a million" by James Slack, Daily Mail, November 27, 2009.] Please note: The British Office for National Statistics recorded the number of Poles who have travelled to the UK in 2006 at over 2,000,000; they are not to be mistaken for permanent residents.</ref>
|region7 = {{s|2}}{{ARG}}
|pop7 = 500,000
|ref7 = <ref>http://edant.clarin.com/diario/2004/04/27/t-749506.htm</ref>
|region8 = {{s|2}}{{BLR}}
|pop8 = 294,549
|ref8 = <ref>[http://belstat.gov.by/homep/ru/perepic/2009/publications/bul_republic.rar Belarus National Census 2009 (preliminary results)](in [[Russian language|rus.]])</ref>
|region9 = {{s|2}}{{LIT}}
|pop9 = 212,800
|ref9 = <ref>[http://db1.stat.gov.lt/statbank/selectvarval/saveselections.asp?MainTable=M3010215&PLanguage=0&TableStyle=&Buttons=&PXSId=3236&IQY=&TC=&ST=ST&rvar0=&rvar1=&rvar2=&rvar3=&rvar4=&rvar5=&rvar6=&rvar7=&rvar8=&rvar9=&rvar10=&rvar11=&rvar12=&rvar13=&rvar14=]</ref>
|region10 = {{s|2}}{{IRL}}
|pop10 = 200,000
|ref10 = <ref>[http://www.cso.ie/census/documents/PDR%202006%20Tables%2019-30.pdf Poles in Ireland]</ref>
|region11 = {{s|2}}{{AUS}}
|pop11 = 78,340
|ref11 = <ref>[http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/2006Census3.nsf/logByLookupView?openagent&20050%2DXCP%2DAustralia%2Ezip&20060&Main%20Features&02006%20Census%20Expanded%20Community%20Profile28/11/071&0&2006&28%2E11%2E2007&Latest 2006 Census Community Profile Series : Australia]</ref>
|region12 = {{s|2}}{{UKR}}
|pop12 = 144,130
|ref12 = <ref>[http://www.ukrcensus.gov.ua/eng/results Poles in Ukraine]</ref>
|region13 = {{s|2}}{{NOR}}
|pop13 = 120,000
|ref13 = <ref>[http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article1443964.ece Aftenposten.no: - 120.000 polakker i Norge (Innenriks)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
|region14 = {{s|2}}{{ITA}}
|pop14 = 109,018
|ref14 = <ref>[http://www.istat.it/salastampa/comunicati/non_calendario/20090226_00/testo_integrale_20090226.pdf Istat.it]</ref>
|region15 = {{s|2}}{{FRA}}
|pop15 = 90,000
|ref15 = <ref>http://www.prezydent.pl/</ref>
|region16 = {{s|2}}{{ESP}}
|pop16 = 78,305
|ref16 = <ref>[http://www.ine.es/prensa/np503.pdf Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Ine.es (PDF)]</ref>
|ref = <ref>[http://www.cbs.nl/NR/rdonlyres/CCD504EA-9D41-40C2-AE28-BFB0A51C2045/0/2005k3b15p096art.pdf Poles in the Netherlands (PDF)]</ref>
|region17 = {{s|2}}{{RUS}}
|pop17 = 73,000
|ref17 = <ref>[http://wn.com/Polish_minority_in_Russia Polish minority in Russia, WorldNews.com]</ref>
|region18 = {{s|2}}{{CZE}}
|pop18 = 51,968
|ref18 = <ref>[http://www.czso.cz/csu/2005edicniplan.nsf/t/D6002FD8F5/$File/kap_I_05.pdf Czech Republic National Census 2001 (PDF)]</ref>
|region19 = {{s|2}}{{LVA}}
|pop19 = 50,960
|ref19 = <ref>[http://www.pmlp.gov.lv/lv/statistika/iedzivotaju.html;jsessionid=05A53683B7E515E99E8A2ABADB2E3BA9]</ref>
|region20 = {{s|2}}{{GRC}}
|pop20 = 50,000
|ref20 = <ref>[http://www.wspolnota-polska.org.pl/index.php?id=pwko "Polonia i Polacy na świecie,"] (Poles in the world) Stowarzyszenie Wspólnota Polska, strona finansowana przez SENAT RP (page sponsored by [[Senate of the Republic of Poland]])</ref>
|region23 = {{s|2}}{{KAZ}}
|pop23 = 34,057
|ref23 = <ref>[http://www.stat.kz/p_perepis/Documents/%D0%9A%D1%80%D0%9F%D0%9D2009_161110%D1%80%D1%83%D1%81.doc Kazakhstan National Census 2009]</ref>
|region22 = {{s|2}}{{NLD}}
|pop22 = 39,500
|ref22 = <ref>http://www.cbs.nl/NR/rdonlyres/CCD504EA-9D41-40C2-AE28-BFB0A51C2045/0/2005k3b15p096art.pdf</ref>
|region24 = {{s|2}}{{RSA}}
|pop24 = 30,000
|ref24 = <ref>http://www.wspolnota-polska.org.pl/index.php?id=dubd2</ref>
|region25 = {{s|2}}{{SWE}}
|pop25 = 67,518
|ref25 = <ref>http://www.immi.se/alfa/p.htm</ref>
|region26 = {{s|2}}{{AUT}}
|pop26 = 21,000
|ref26 = <ref>{{PDFlink|[http://www.statistik.at/pub/neuerscheinungen/vzaustriaweb.pdf Poles in Austria]}}</ref>
|region27 = {{s|2}}{{ISL}}
|pop27 = 10,540
|ref27 = <ref>[http://www.hagstofa.is/?PageID=626&src=/temp/Dialog/varval.asp?ma=MAN12100%26ti=Mannfj%F6ldi+eftir+f%E6%F0ingarlandi+1981%2D2006+%26path=../Database/mannfjoldi/Faedingarland/%26lang=3%26units=Fjöldi Mannfjöldi eftir fæðingarlandi 1981-2008: Pólland]</ref>
|region28 = {{s|2}}{{DEN}}
|pop28 = 5,300
|ref28 = <ref>http://www.joshuaproject.net/countries.php?rog3=DA&sf=population&so=asc</ref>
|region29 = {{s|2}}{{MDA}}
|pop29 = 4,174
|ref29 = <ref>2004 Moldovan census, including Transnistria</ref>
|region30 = {{s|2}}{{ROU}}
|pop30 = 3,671
|ref30 = <ref>2002 Romanian census.</ref>
|region31 = {{s|2}}{{FIN}}
|pop31 = 3,000
|ref31 =<ref>http://www.helsinki.polemb.net/index.php?document=46</ref>
|region33 = {{s|2}}{{EST}}
|pop33 = 2,200
|ref33 =<ref>http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estonia#Polacy_w_Estonii</ref>
|region34 = {{s|2}}{{TUR}}
|pop34 = 1,000
|ref34 = <ref name="Polonezkoy.com">[http://www.polonezkoy.com/index_eng.asp Polonezkoy.com]</ref>
|region34 = {{s|2}}{{ARM}}
|pop35 = 300
|ref35 = <ref name="Polonezkoy.com"/>
|region36 = Rest of world
|pop36 = 1,200 <small>(est.)</small>
|ref36 = <ref>[http://www.nasza-gazetka.com/Menu_Polonia/DIASPORA/DIASPORA.HTM Poles around the World (>polonia > statystyka)]</ref>
|languages=[[Polish language|Polish]]
|rels= Predominantly [[Roman Catholicism]], also [[Eastern Orthodoxy]], [[Protestantism]] and [[Judaism]].
|related-c = related ethno-linguistic people group: [[Czechs]], [[Slovaks]], [[Sorbs]]
}}
[[File:LocationPROP.png|thumb|Польша басқа да славян мемлекеттерімен шекаралас]]'''Поляктар'''<ref name="source1">Қазақстан энциклопедиясы, VII-том</ref> (өз атауы — ''поляци'') — ұлт, [[Польша|Польшаның]] байырғы және негізгі халқы. [[ТМД|ТМД елдерінде]], [[АҚШ]], [[Франция]], [[Канада]], [[Бельгия]], [[Бразилия]], [[Аргентина]], т.б. мемлекеттерде де тұрады. Жалпы саны 45 млн. адам (2003). Славян тілдерінің батыс тармағына жататын [[поляк тілі|поляк тілінде сөйлейді]]. Жазуы [[Латын Әліпбиі|латын әліпбиіне]] негізделген. [[Христиан Діні|Христиан дінінің]] [[католик]] тармағын ұстанады. Поляктардың этникалық негізін ерте орта ғасырлардағы ''полян'', ''слезан'', ''вислян'', ''мазовшан'', ''поморян'' секілді славян тайпалары қалаған. Ұлт ретінде 10 — 11 ғ-ларда ''Поляк мемлекеті'' құрылғаннан кейін қалыптаса бастады. Негізгі өзегін батыс славян тайпалары құрады. Поляктардың басым бөлігі қалалық жерлерде орналасқан. Олар түрлі салалық өндірістер мен халыққа қызмет көрсету орындарында жұмыс істейді. Табиғи ерекшеліктері мен тарихи тағдырлары әрбір өңірде өзіндік дәстүрлі шаруашылық пен мәдениеттің қалыптасуына әсерін тигізген. ''Малопольша'' мен ''Силезия'' секілді таулы аймақтарда мал шаруашылығы, ''Поморьенің'' батысы мен шығысында теңіз кәсіпшілігі ертеден дамыған. Ұлттық киімдері: әйелдер ''юбка'', ''көйлек'', сыртынан алтын және күміс зермен тоқылған ''корсаж''; ерлер ''жағалы көйлек'', ''жолақты шалбар'', ''көк кафтан'', ал басына ''конфедератка'' киеді. Халық арасында қолөнердің сан алуан түрлері (''тоқымашылық'', ''тігіншілік'', ''құмырашылық'', ''ағаш ою'', т.б.), бай ауыз әдебиеті (''тұрмыстық өлеңдер'', ''аңыз-әңгімелер'', ''ертегі'', т.б.) сақталған.
Line 8 ⟶ 120:
{{stub}}
{{wikify}}
[[Санат:
[[Санат:Германия халықтары]]
[[Санат:Канада халықтары]]
[[Санат:Литва халықтары]]
[[Санат:АҚШ халықтары]]
[[Санат:Ресей халықтары]]
[[Санат:Франция халықтары]]
[[Санат:Чехия халықтары]]
[[Санат:Славян халықтары]]
[[ar:بولنديون]]
[[an:Polacos]]
[[av:Полякал]]
[[be:Палякі]]
[[be-x-old:Палякі]]
[[bg:Поляци]]
[[bs:Poljaci]]
[[cv:Поляксем]]
[[cs:Poláci]]
[[da:Polakker]]
[[de:Polen (Ethnie)]]
[[et:Poolakad]]
[[es:Pueblo polaco]]
[[eo:Poloj]]
[[fr:Polonais (peuple)]]
[[gag:Poläklar]]
[[ko:폴란드인]]
[[hr:Poljaci]]
[[id:Bangsa Polandia]]
[[os:Польшæйаг адæм]]
[[it:Polacchi]]
[[ka:პოლონელები]]
[[la:Poloni]]
[[lv:Poļi]]
[[lt:Lenkai]]
[[hu:Lengyelek]]
[[mk:Полјаци]]
[[nl:Polen (volk)]]
[[ja:ポーランド人]]
[[no:Polakker]]
[[nn:Polakkar]]
[[pl:Polacy]]
[[pt:Polacos]]
[[ro:Polonezi]]
[[ru:Поляки]]
[[sah:Поляктар]]
[[simple:Poles]]
[[sk:Poliaci]]
[[sl:Poljaki]]
[[cu:Полꙗнє]]
[[szl:Poloki]]
[[sr:Пољаци]]
[[sh:Poljaci]]
[[fi:Puolalaiset]]
[[sv:Polacker]]
[[th:ชาวโปแลนด์]]
[[tr:Polonyalılar]]
[[uk:Поляки]]
[[yo:Àwọn ọmọ Pólàndì]]
[[bat-smg:Lėnkā]]
[[zh:波蘭人]]
| |||
