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Жаңа бетте: {{Infobox University |name = Carnegie Mellon University |image_name = Carnegie Mellon University seal.svg |image_size = 200px |motto = "My heart is...
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15:31, 2012 ж. мамырдың 30 кезіндегі нұсқа


Координаттар: 40°26′36″ с. е. 79°56′37″ б. б. / 40.443322° с. е. 79.943583° б. б. / 40.443322; -79.943583 (G) (O) (Я) Карнеги Меллон Университеті (ағылш. Carnegie Mellon немесе CMU) Американың, Питтсбург қаласында орналасқан,Пенсильвания штаты, жеке-меншік зерттеу-университеті.

Carnegie Mellon University
Сурет:Carnegie Mellon University seal.svg
Ұраны "My heart is in the work" (Andrew Carnegie)
Құрылған күні 1900 by Andrew Carnegie
Меншік түрі Private university
Endowment US $1.017 billion (June 30, 2011)[1]
President Jared Cohon
Provost Mark Kamlet
Academic staff 1,423
Бакалавриат 6,178
Магистранттар 5,777
Орналасқан жері Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
Campus Urban, 144 acres (58 ha)
Colors Cardinal, Gray, and Tartan Plaid[2]
Athletics NCAA Division III UAA
17 varsity teams[3]
Nickname Tartans
Mascot Scotty the Scottie Dog[4]
Веб сайты cmu.edu
Scarab lunar rover is being developed by the RI.

For the 2006 fiscal year, the University spent $315 million on research. The primary recipients of this funding were the School of Computer Science ($100.3 million), the Software Engineering Institute ($71.7 million), the Carnegie Institute of Technology ($48.5 million), and the Mellon College of Science ($47.7 million). The research money comes largely from federal sources, with federal investment of $277.6 million. The federal agencies that invest the most money are the National Science Foundation and the Department of Defense, which contribute 26% and 23.4% of the total university research budget respectively.[5]

The Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center (PSC) is a joint effort between Carnegie Mellon University, University of Pittsburgh, and Westinghouse Electric Company. PSC was founded in 1986 by its two scientific directors, Dr. Ralph Roskies of the University of Pittsburgh and Dr. Michael Levine of Carnegie Mellon University. PSC is a leading partner in the TeraGrid, the National Science Foundation’s cyberinfrastructure program.[6]

The Robotics Institute (RI) is a division of the School of Computer Science and considered to be one of the leading centers of robotics research in the world. The Field Robotics Center (FRC) has developed a number of significant robots, including Sandstorm and H1ghlander, which finished second and third in the DARPA Grand Challenge, and Boss, which won the DARPA Urban Challenge. The RI is primarily sited at Carnegie Mellon's main campus in Newell-Simon hall.[7]

The Software Engineering Institute (SEI) is a federally funded research and development center sponsored by the U.S. Department of Defense and operated by Carnegie Mellon University, with offices in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA; Arlington, Virginia, and Frankfurt, Germany. The SEI publishes books on software engineering for industry, government and military applications and practices. The organization is known for its Capability Maturity Model (CMM) and Capability Maturity Model Integration (CMMI), which identify essential elements of effective system and software engineering processes and can be used to rate the level of an organization's capability for producing quality systems. The SEI is also the home of CERT/CC, the federally-funded computer security organization. The CERT Program's primary goals are to ensure that appropriate technology and systems management practices are used to resist attacks on networked systems and to limit damage and ensure continuity of critical services subsequent to attacks, accidents, or failures.[8]

The Human-Computer Interaction Institute (HCII) is a division of the School of Computer Science and is considered one of the leading centers of human-computer interaction research, integrating computer science, design, social science, and learning science.[9] Such interdisciplinary collaboration is the hallmark of research done throughout the university.

The Language Technologies Institute (LTI) is another unit of the School of Computer Science and is famous for being one of the leading research centers in the area of language technologies. Primary research focus of the institute is on machine translation, speech recognition, speech synthesis, information retrieval, parsing and information extraction.[10] Until 1996, the institute existed as the Center for Machine Translation that was established in 1986. From 1996 onwards, it started awarding graduate degrees and the name was changed to Language Technologies Institute.

Carnegie Mellon is also home to the Carnegie School of management and economics. This intellectual school grew out of the Tepper School of Business in the 1950s and 1960s and focused on the intersection of behavioralism and management. Several management theories, most notably bounded rationality and the behavioral theory of the firm, were established by Carnegie School management scientists and economists.

Carnegie Mellon has made a concerted effort to attract corporate research labs and offices to the Pittsburgh campus. Apple Inc., Intel, Google, Microsoft, Disney, IBM, General Motors, Bombardier Inc., and the Rand Corporation have established a presence on or near campus. In collaboration with Intel, Carnegie Mellon has pioneered research into claytronics.[11]

Alumni and faculty

 
John Forbes Nash, subject of A Beautiful Mind
Толық мақаласы: List of Carnegie Mellon University people

There are more than 86,500 Carnegie Mellon alumni worldwide. Famous alumni include former General Motors CEO and Secretary of Defense, Charles Erwin Wilson; billionaire hedge fund investor David Tepper; James Gosling, creator of the Java programming language; Andy Bechtolsheim, co-founder of Sun Microsystems; pop artists Andy Warhol and Burton Morris; Mountaineer and Author Aron Ralston; and astronaut Judith Resnik, who perished in the Space Shuttle Challenger disaster. A memorial to Judy Resnik can be found near Porter Hall, sponsored by the engineering fraternity.

Overall, Carnegie Mellon is affiliated with eighteen Nobel laureates,[12] eleven Turing Award winners, ninety seven Emmy Award recipients (including ten time recipient Steven Bochco), six Academy Award recipients, and twenty two Tony Award recipients (including Andrew Omondi). John Forbes Nash, a 1948 graduate and winner of the 1994 Nobel Prize in Economics, was the subject of the book and subsequent film A Beautiful Mind. Alan Perlis, a 1943 graduate was a pioneer in programming languages and recipient of the first ever Turing award.

Carnegie Mellon alumni have had success in Hollywood, Broadway, television, and the music industry. They include:

Rankings and reputation

Rankings

Үлгі:Infobox US university ranking

In 2011 Carnegie Mellon ranked 23rd among "national universities" in the US News and World Report and 21st by the Times Higher Education World University Rankings. Carnegie Mellon is ranked 1st for graduate studies in computer science, a position consistently held in the past except in 2009. It is also 6th for graduate studies in engineering, 7th for graduate studies in fine arts, 7th for graduate studies in electrical engineering, 9th for graduate studies in public affairs, 16th for graduate studies in business, 19th for graduate studies in economics, 9th for graduate studies in statistics, and 17th for graduate studies in psychology in the 2012 rankings released by US News and World Report.[13] The undergraduate business program is also ranked 2nd for information systems, production/operations, and quantitative analysis, 5th for supply chain management, 9th for finance, 16th for entrepreneurship, 24th for general management, and 7th as an undergraduate business program overall by the 2011 US News and World Report.[13] In 2010, the Wall Street Journal ranked Carnegie Mellon 1st in computer science, 4th in finance, 7th in economics, 10th overall, and 21st in engineering according to job recruiters.[14] The university is one of 62 elected members of the Association of American Universities and its academic reputation has led it to be included in Newsweek’s list of “New Ivies”.[15] BusinessWeek's rankings of college return on investment placed Carnegie Mellon at 17th in the country.[16] BusinessWeek's 2011 rankings of the best undergraduate business schools have also placed the Tepper School of Business's undergraduate business program at 3rd for starting salaries (competing with Wharton School of Business and the MIT Sloan School of Management) and 4th for academic quality.[17] In SmartMoney's rankings of the most valuable colleges, Carnegie Mellon ranked 4th amongst private universities and 23rd amongst all universities nation-wide.[18] Carnegie Mellon is also a member of the Global University Leaders Forum of the World Economic Forum, one of 26 institutions in the world and one of only 12 in the United States.[19]

Carnegie Mellon's offerings in computer science, electrical engineering, business, economics, public policy, information systems, psychology, statistics, creative writing, entertainment technology, decision science, and the arts are considered among the best in their fields.[20]

Student life

Carnegie Mellon's student life includes over 225 student organizations, art galleries, and various unique traditions. Student organizations provide social, service, media, academic, spiritual, recreational, sport, religious, political, cultural, and governance opportunities. Carnegie Mellon's campus houses several galleries such as The Frame, a student-devoted gallery, and the Regina Gouger Miller Gallery, an art gallery that specializes in contemporary professional artists. The Carnegie Mellon Philharmonic, Carnegie Mellon School of Drama and the student-run theatrical organization Scotch'n'Soda provides campus with a variety of world-class performance arts events. The university has a strong Scottish motif inspired by Andrew Carnegie's Scottish heritage, as well as Andrew Mellon's Scots-Irish ancestry. Examples include Scotty, the Scottish Terrier mascot, The Tartan student newspaper, Skibo Gymnasium, and The Thistle yearbook.

Traditions

 
The Fence
Толық мақаласы: Carnegie Mellon University traditions
  • The Fence - In the early days of Carnegie Tech, there was a single bridge, which connected Margaret Morrison Women's College with the Carnegie Institute of Technology. The bridge was a meeting place for students. In 1916, the bridge was taken down and the university filled in the area. The administration built a wooden fence as a new meeting place. The students did not understand why anyone would want to meet at a fence. Administration was about to give up and tear it down but that night a fraternity, as a prank, painted the entire fence advertising a fraternity party. Ever since, painting the Fence has been a Carnegie Mellon tradition.[21] The Fence at Carnegie Mellon lies at the center of campus, in the area known as “the cut." Students “guard” the fence 24 hours a day, and, as long as two vigils are maintained, no other student may “take” the fence. The fence can then be painted by the group that has it, but only between midnight and 6 am. Only hand brushes may be used; the use of spray paint or paint rollers is considered vandalism and results in a fine. The previous paint cannot be stripped, and each new painting adds a new layer. The original wooden fence finally collapsed in the 1990s due to the weight from over 1' of surrounding paint, and was immediately replaced with an identical one manufactured from concrete. Today the fence is considered "the world's most painted object", by the Guinness Book of World Records.
  • Spring Carnival - Usually held in April, Spring Carnival is the biggest event of the school year. In addition to classic carnival attractions, the Spring Carnival features the “Buggy Sweepstakes” and "Booth" (a competition between various organizations to build small, elaborate booths based on a theme chosen each year).
 
Two pushers exchange the buggy for Kappa Delta Rho on the first hill of Sweepstakes.
  • Buggy Races - Buggy, officially called Sweepstakes, is a race around Schenley Park. It can be thought of as a relay race with five runners, using the buggy vehicle as the baton. Entrants submit a small, usually torpedo-shaped, vehicle that is pushed uphill and then allowed to roll downhill. The vehicles are unpowered, including the prohibition of such energy-storing devices as flywheels. They are, however, steered by a driver who is usually a petite female student lying prone, arms stretched forward to steer via a turning mechanism. Space is so tight inside the buggies that the drivers usually cannot change position beyond turning their heads.
 
A Mobot competing in the annual Mobot challenge
  • Mobot - "Mobot,' a portmanteau for "mobile robot," is an annual competition at Carnegie Mellon that made its debut in 1994. In this event, robots try (autonomously) to pass through gates, in order, and reach the finish line. There is a white line on the pavement connecting the gates, and the line is normally used to find the gates, though it is not mandated by the rules that the robots follow the line.
  • Bagpipers - As one of only two colleges offering a degree in bagpipe music (the other being UC Riverside),[22] Carnegie Mellon's Pipe Band features the sounds of Scottish bagpipes and performs at University events. Head of the Pipe Band is champion piper Andrew Carlisle, a highly decorated solo piper and long time member of seven times World Pipe Band Champions Field Marshal Montgomery.
  • The Kiltie Band- Carnegie Mellon's Kiltie Band, dressed in full Scottish regalia including kilts and knee socks, performs during every home football game.
  • Autographing the Green Room - Seniors in the College of Fine Arts sign the Green Room's walls and ceilings before leaving the university. Supposedly, Oscar-winning actress Holly Hunter broke university tradition by signing the Green Room during her freshman year.

Housing

Carnegie Mellon offers conventional housing for its students through single-gender, coeducational, and special interest options. Students can choose from standard, prime, or suite-style rooms, efficiencies, one or two bedroom apartments, and houses. There are 20 residential buildings on campus and 5 off campus in the Oakland area of Pittsburgh.[23]

Most incoming freshmen are assigned to the dedicated freshman residence halls on campus, including: Morewood E-Tower, Residence on Fifth, and the Boss, Donner, Hamerschlag, McGill, Mudge, Scobell, and Stever houses. The upperclassmen who choose to live in university housing do so in the remaining residence halls: Morewood Gardens and West Wing in addition to the Doherty, Fairfax, Margaret Morrison, Neville, Shady Oak, Shirley, and Woodlawn Apartments and the Henderson, Resnik, Roselawn, Spirit, Tech, Webster, and Welch houses.[23]

Fraternities and sororities

Толық мақаласы: Fraternities and sororities at Carnegie Mellon University

The Greek tradition at Carnegie Mellon University began nearly 100 years ago with the founding of the first fraternity on campus, Theta Xi, in 1912. The Panhellenic sorority community was founded in 1945, by Chi Omega, Delta Delta Delta, Delta Gamma, Kappa Alpha Theta, and Kappa Kappa Gamma. The Chi Omega chapter at Carnegie Mellon has since become Alpha Chi Omega, although the similarity between the two women's fraternity names is incidental.

Currently, Carnegie Mellon University has ten active Fraternities: Alpha Epsilon Pi, Beta Theta Pi, Delta Tau Delta, Kappa Sigma, Pi Kappa Alpha, Sigma Alpha Epsilon, Sigma Nu, Sigma Phi Epsilon, Sigma Tau Gamma, Sigma Chi (colony) and Delta Upsilon (colony).

In addition to participating in campus traditions such as Buggy and Booth, the fraternities and sororities hold an annual fundraiser called Greek Sing, one of the largest Greek events of the year. Each year, the organizations vote on a cause to support and raise money through ticket sales, ad sales, corporate sponsorships and donations. Each organization performs a 13-minute long original show or a rendition of a popular show. In Spring 2010, Greek Sing raised over $42,000 for St. Jude Children's Research Hospital.

Athletics

The Carnegie Mellon Tartans were a founding member of the University Athletic Association of the NCAA Division III. Prior to World War II Carnegie Mellon (as Carnegie Tech) played with NCAA Division I teams and in 1939 the Tartan football team earned a trip to the NCAA National Championship at the Sugar Bowl. That same year, Robert Doherty, university president at the time, banned the football team from competing in postseason bowl games. In 1936 the Carnegie Tech riflery team won the national intercollegiate championship.[24] Currently, varsity teams are fielded in basketball, track, cross country, football, golf, soccer, swimming, volleyball, tennis, and cheerleading. In addition, club teams exist in ultimate frisbee,[25] rowing,[26] rugby, lacrosse, hockey,[27] baseball,[28] softball, skiing & snowboarding, water polo,[29] and cycling.[30] Carnegie Mellon Athletics runs a comprehensive and popular intramural system, maintains facilities (primarily Skibo Gymnasium, University Center, and Gesling Stadium), and offers courses to students in fitness and sports. Carnegie Mellon's primary athletic rivals are fellow UAA schools Case Western Reserve University and Washington University in St. Louis; the Tartans have an especially intense rivalry with the latter's football team.

 
Carnegie Mellon's Gesling Stadium taken during the 2009 opening game against Ohio Wesleyan University.

Football

On November 27, 1926, the 6–2 Carnegie Tech football team shutout Knute Rockne's undefeated Notre Dame Fighting Irish 19–0 at Forbes Field. It would be the only loss for the Irish all season and only the second time they allowed a touchdown that season.[31] The game was ranked the fourth-greatest upset in college football history by ESPN.[32]

Bowl Game and AP rankings

In the 1930s Carnegie Tech (as it was known then) was among the top football programs in the country. In 1938 and 1939 the team achieved national rankings in the AP Poll. Carnegie Tech earned a January 1 Bowl game date following their 1938 campaign in the Sugar Bowl losing 15–7 to Texas Christian.

Carnegie Tech's AP Ranking history includes:

  • October 17, 1938 #13
  • October 24, 1938 #16
  • October 31, 1938 #19
  • November 7, 1938 #6
  • November 14, 1938 #6
  • November 21, 1938 #7
  • November 28, 1938 #6
  • December 5, 1938 #6 FINAL
  • October 16, 1939 #15

Modern achievements

In 2006, the varsity football team was offered a bid to the NCAA Division III playoffs, and became one of the first teams in school history (the first team to win a Division III playoff game was in 1977, when Carnegie Mellon beat Dayton) and University Athletic Association (UAA) conference history to win an NCAA playoff game with a 21-0 shutout of Millsaps College of the SCAC conference.[33] In addition to winning a playoff game, several team members were elected to the All American and All Region Squads. The 2006 team won more games in a single season than any other team in school history. The current coach is Rich Lackner, who is also a graduate of Carnegie Mellon and who has been the head coach since 1986.

Track and cross country

In recent years, the varsity track and cross country programs have seen outstanding success on the Division III national level. The men's cross country team has finished in the top 15 in the nation each of the last three years, and has boasted several individual All-Americans. The men's track team has also boasted several individual All-Americans spanning sprinting, distance, and field disciplines. Recent All-Americans from the track team are Brian Harvey (2007–2009), Davey Quinn (2007), Nik Bonaddio (2004, 2005), Mark Davis (2004, 2005), Russel Verbofsky (2004, 2005) and Kiley Williams (2005).

Volleyball

With much of the team's support, Lauren Schmidt received the NCAA Pennsylvania Woman of the Year award (2003), was a two-time All-American (2001 and 2002), a four-time All-University Athletic Association selection (1999–2002), and the conference’s Player of the Year (2001).[34] -->

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Сілттемелер

  1. ↑ Carnegie Mellon Factbooks 2010-2011： Finances. Carnegie Mellon University. Тексерілді, 6 ақпан 2012.
  2. ↑ Official Carnegie Mellon colors. cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 17 ақпан 2008.
  3. ↑ Carnegie Mellon Athletics official website. cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 17 ақпан 2008.
  4. ↑ Carnegie Mellon's Mascot.
  5. ↑ Дереккөз қатесі: Жарамсыз <ref> тегі; no text was provided for refs named fact
  6. ↑ PITTSBURGH SUPERCOMPUTING CENTER. Pittsburgh Supercomputing Center. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  7. ↑ Robotics Institute. Robotics Institute. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  8. ↑ Software Engineering Institute. sei.cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 16 ақпан 2008.
  9. ↑ Welcome to the Human-Computer Interaction Institute. Human-Computer Interaction Institute. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  10. ↑ CMU/Language Technologies Institute. Language Technologies Institute. Тексерілді, 24 желтоқсан 2008.
  11. ↑ The Claytronics Project - Collaborative Research in Programmable Matter Directed by Carnegie Mellon and Intel
  12. ↑ Carnegie Mellon Nobel Laureates. Тексерілді, 12 қазан 2010.
  13. ↑ a b America's Best Graduate Schools 2010. usnews.com. Тексерілді, 21 ақпан 2010.
  14. ↑ The Top 25 Recruiter Picks (September 13, 2010).
  15. ↑ 25 New Ivies. Newsweek. Тексерілді, 17 ақпан 2008.
  16. ↑ BusinessWeek ROI rankings. Тексерілді, 29 маусым 2010.
  17. ↑ Tepper Rankings. Carnegie Mellon University. Тексерілді, 24 шілде 2011.
  18. ↑ SmartMoney. SmartMoney. Тексерілді, 15 тамыз 2011.
  19. ↑ World Economic Forum Global University Leaders Forum. World Economic Forum. Тексерілді, 25 қаңтар 2012.
  20. ↑ Rankings of various Carnegie Mellon programs. cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  21. ↑ Walking Tour. cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  22. ↑ Traditions. cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  23. ↑ a b CMU Housing. Carnegie Mellon University. Тексерілді, 26 шілде 2011.
  24. ↑ Intercollegiate rifle team trophy. Тексерілді, 5 қыркүйек 2009.
  25. ↑ Carnegie Mellon Ultimate Club. cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  26. ↑ Tartan Crew. tartancrew.org. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  27. ↑ Tartan Ice Hockey. cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  28. ↑ Join the Baseball Club. cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  29. ↑ CMUWP. cmuwp. Тексерілді, 25 тамыз 2009. [dead link]
  30. ↑ Carnegie Mellon Cycling Club. cmu.edu. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  31. ↑ Tech's Greatest Victory. carnegiemellontoday.com. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  32. ↑ Upset special: With Rockne gone, Irish took a Michigan-like tumble. sports.espn.go.com. Тексерілді, 18 ақпан 2008.
  33. ↑ Carnegie Mellon football tramples Majors. thetartan.org. Тексерілді, 11 сәуір 2008.
  34. ↑ http://www.wellsville.wnyric.org/education/components/scrapbook/default.php?sectiondetailid=104408&pagecat=546

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