Антуан Лавуазье

Антуан Лавуазье
	Антуан Лавуазье
	Antoine Laurent Lavoisier
Туған күні	26 тамыз 1743
Туған жері	Париж
Қайтыс болған күні	8 мамыр 1794 (50 жас)
Қайтыс болған жері	Париж
Ғылыми аясы	Химия, биология
Альма-матер	Париж университеті
Қолтаңбасы
	Шығармасы Уикиқайнарда.

Антуан Лоран Лавуазье (фр. Antoine Laurent de Lavoisier; 26 тамыз 1743 жыл, Париж — 8 мамыр 1794 жыл, Париж) – XXVIII ғасырда өмір сүрген француз химигі, қазіргі химия ғылымының негізін салушысы^[1]. Лавуазье 1778 жылы оттегін ашып, оның атын қойып және оттектің жану процессіндегі ролін айқындаған. 1783 жылы сутегін ашып, 1787 жылы кремнийді болжамдаған. Қазіргі метрикалық жүйенің негізін салып және сол кездегі химиялық номенклатураның реформасын жасаған^[2]. 1777 жылы күкірттің тек қана химиялық қосылыстарының құрамында емес, жеке элемент ретінде табиғатта болатынын дәлелдеген^[3]. Ғалым массаның сақталу заңын ашқан.

Дереккөздер

↑ "He is also considered as the "Father of Modern Nutrition", as being the first to discover the metabolism that occurs inside the human body. Lavoisier, Antoine." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 24 шілде 2007.
↑ In his table of the elements, Lavoisier listed five "salifiable earths" (i.e., ores that could be made to react with acids to produce salts (salis = salt, in Latin)): chaux (calcium oxide), magnésie (magnesia, magnesium oxide), baryte (barium sulfate), alumine (alumina, aluminum oxide), and silice (silica, silicon dioxide). About these "elements", Lavoisier speculates: "We are probably only acquainted as yet with a part of the metallic substances existing in nature, as all those which have a stronger affinity to oxygen than carbon possesses, are incapable, hitherto, of being reduced to a metallic state, and consequently, being only presented to our observation under the form of oxyds, are confounded with earths. It is extremely probable that barytes, which we have just now arranged with earths, is in this situation; for in many experiments it exhibits properties nearly approaching to those of metallic bodies. It is even possible that all the substances we call earths may be only metallic oxyds, irreducible by any hitherto known process." – from page 218 of: Lavoisier with Robert Kerr, trans., Elements of Chemistry, ..., 4th ed. (Edinburgh, Scotland: William Creech, 1799). (The original passage appears in: Lavoisier, Traité Élémentaire de Chimie, ... (Paris, France: Cuchet, 1789), vol. 1, page 174.)
↑ C.Michael Hogan. 2011. Sulfur. Encyclopedia of Earth, eds. A. Jorgensen and C.J.Cleveland, National Council for Science and the environment, Washington DC

[1] "He is also considered as the "Father of Modern Nutrition", as being the first to discover the metabolism that occurs inside the human body. Lavoisier, Antoine." Encyclopædia Britannica. 2007. Encyclopædia Britannica Online. 24 шілде 2007.

[2] In his table of the elements, Lavoisier listed five "salifiable earths" (i.e., ores that could be made to react with acids to produce salts (salis = salt, in Latin)): chaux (calcium oxide), magnésie (magnesia, magnesium oxide), baryte (barium sulfate), alumine (alumina, aluminum oxide), and silice (silica, silicon dioxide). About these "elements", Lavoisier speculates: "We are probably only acquainted as yet with a part of the metallic substances existing in nature, as all those which have a stronger affinity to oxygen than carbon possesses, are incapable, hitherto, of being reduced to a metallic state, and consequently, being only presented to our observation under the form of oxyds, are confounded with earths. It is extremely probable that barytes, which we have just now arranged with earths, is in this situation; for in many experiments it exhibits properties nearly approaching to those of metallic bodies. It is even possible that all the substances we call earths may be only metallic oxyds, irreducible by any hitherto known process." – from page 218 of: Lavoisier with Robert Kerr, trans., Elements of Chemistry, ..., 4th ed. (Edinburgh, Scotland: William Creech, 1799). (The original passage appears in: Lavoisier, Traité Élémentaire de Chimie, ... (Paris, France: Cuchet, 1789), vol. 1, page 174.)

[3] C.Michael Hogan. 2011. Sulfur. Encyclopedia of Earth, eds. A. Jorgensen and C.J.Cleveland, National Council for Science and the environment, Washington DC

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